2. Signaling Pathways
  3. Immunology/Inflammation
  4. PGE synthase

PGE synthase

Prostaglandin E synthase

PGE synthase

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PGE synthase (Prostaglandin E synthase), which converts cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostaglandin H2 (PGH2) to PGE2, is known to comprise a group of at least three structurally and biologically distinct enzymes. There are membrane-associated PGES (mPGES)-1, mPGES-2, and cytosolic PGES (cPGES).

mPGES-1 is a perinuclear protein that is markedly induced by proinflammatory stimuli and downregulated by anti-inflammatory glucocorticoids as in the case of COX-2. It is functionally coupled with COX-2 in marked preference to COX-1. mPGES-2 is synthesized as a Golgi membrane-associated protein, and the proteolytic removal of the N-terminal hydrophobic domain leads to the formation of a mature cytosolic enzyme. This enzyme is rather constitutively expressed in various cells and tissues and is functionally coupled with both COX-1 and COX-2. cPGES is constitutively expressed in a wide variety of cells and is functionally linked to COX-1 to promote immediate PGE2 production.

Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-118184
    AF3485
    		Inhibitor
    AF3485 is a human mPGES-1 inhibitor that exhibits antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo. AF3485 inhibits tumor-associated angiogenesis by reducing PGE2 production, inhibiting EGFR signaling, and decreasing VEGF and FGF-2 expression. AF3485 reduced tumor growth in mice bearing human A431 xenograft tumors by subchronic administration.
    AF3485
  • HY-B0464R
    Hydralazine hydrochloride (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Hydralazine (hydrochloride) (Standard) is the analytical standard of Hydralazine (hydrochloride). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Hydralazine hydrochloride is an orally active, blood-brain barrier-permeable DNA methyltransferase inhibitor with vasodilatory, arterial smooth muscle relaxant and hypotensive activities. Hydralazine hydrochloride reactivates silenced tumor suppressor genes via mediating DNA demethylation, while exerting neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Hydralazine hydrochloride inhibits NOS-2 (iNOS) and COX-2, and reduces the production of NO and PGEE2; meanwhile, Hydralazine hydrochloride scavenges reactive oxygen species and inhibits macrophage activation. Hydralazine hydrochloride alleviates motor dysfunction, neuropathic inflammatory pain, and formalin-induced somatic and emotional pain responses. In addition, Hydralazine hydrochloride directly induces DNA strand breaks and sister chromatid exchange, exhibiting certain mutagenic characteristics. Hydralazine hydrochloride has been widely used in studies on hypertension, various cancers (such as cervical cancer, leukemia), spinal cord injury and the mechanisms of inflammatory pain.
    Hydralazine hydrochloride (Standard)
  • HY-106907R
    Furprofen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Furprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Furprofen (HY-106907). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Furprofen is an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) with analgesic properties. Furprofen acts via the inhibition of prostaglandin (PGE) synthesis. Furprofen can be treated orally for the relief of pain.
    Furprofen (Standard)
  • HY-160121
    Patrinoside aglucone
    		Inhibitor
    Patrinoside aglucone (Compound 8) is an iridoid glucoside that can be isolated from the Valeriana tuberosa. Patrinoside aglucone has potent anticancer activity with G2/M phase tumor cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induction. Patrinoside aglucone also significantly inhibits the proliferation of cancer stem cells (such as MDA-MB-231 and U-251MG cells). Patrinoside aglucone has great anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting NO release (IC50: 43.44 μM) and significantly reduces the level of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, PGE2 and COX-2.
    Patrinoside aglucone
  • HY-13475
    mPGES1-IN-8
    		Inhibitor
    mPGES1-IN-8, is a novel microsomal prostaglandin E synthase 1 (mPGES1) inhibitor.
    mPGES1-IN-8
  • HY-N12643
    Gingerdione
    		Inhibitor
    [6]-Gingerdione is a prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor that can be isolated from ginger rhizomes.
    Gingerdione
  • HY-120581
    ML388
    		Inhibitor
    ML388 is a potent and selective hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) inhibitor with an IC50 of 34 nM. ML388 induces PGE2 production in A549 cells and LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
    ML388
  • HY-108259R
    HQL-79 (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    HQL-79 (Standard) is the analytical standard of HQL-79 (HY-108259). This product is intended for research and analytical applications. HQL-79, a potent, selective and orally active human hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase (H-PGDS) inhibitor, highly selectively inhibits the synthesis of PGD2, and acts as an anti-allergic agent, with a Kd of 0.8 μM and an IC50 of 6 μM. Shows no obvious effect on COX-1, COX-2, m-PGES, or L-PGDS.
    HQL-79 (Standard)
  • HY-B0270R
    Suprofen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Suprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Suprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Suprofen (TN-762) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).
    Suprofen (Standard)
  • HY-177440
    T26A
    		Control
    T26A is a highly selective prostaglandin transporter (PGT) inhibitor.T26A does not interact with the PGT homolog OATPc, blocks PGT-mediated PGE2 influx, and blocks PGE2 metabolism.T26A retains PGE2 in the extracellular compartment and reduces intracellular PGE2 metabolites.T26A elevates circulating endogenous PGE2 levels, reduces circulating endogenous PGE2 metabolite levels, and slows metabolism of exogenously injected PGE2 in Rattus norvegicus via intravenous injection.T26A does not affect PGE2 synthesis.T26A can be used for the research of PGT function in adult animals.
    T26A
  • HY-105939
    Isofezolac
    		Inhibitor
    Isofezolac (LM 22070) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that inhibits prostaglandin-synthetase. Isofezolac anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties.
    Isofezolac
  • HY-B0683S
    Limaprost-d3
    		Agonist
    Limaprost-d3 (17α,20-dimethyl-δ2-PGE1-d3) is the deuterium labeled Limaprost. Limaprost (OP1206) is a PGE1 analogue and a potent and orally active vasodilator. Limaprost increases blood flow and inhibits platelet aggregation. Limaprost pain relief, has antianginal effects, and can be used for ischaemic symptoms research.
    Limaprost-d<sub>3</sub>
  • HY-W587743
    N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine hydrochloride
    		Inhibitor
    N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine (AMK) hydrochloride is an active metabolite of the neurohormone melatonin (HY-B0075). N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine hydrochloride (200 µM) effectively scavenges singlet oxygen (ROS).1 It also inhibits the production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) induced by epinephrine and arachidonic acid in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, and suppresses the increase in COX-2 levels induced by LPS (HY-D1056) in RAW 264.7 macrophages at a concentration of 500 µM. In a mouse model of Parkinson's disease induced by MPTP (HY-15608), N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine hydrochloride (20 mg/kg) reduces the increase in lipid peroxidation in the cytosol and mitochondria of the substantia nigra and striatum. N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine hydrochloride can be used in research on metabolic and neurological diseases
    N1-Acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine hydrochloride
  • HY-30235
    Benzydamine
    Benzydamine is an orally administered prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, and antibacterial properties. Benzydamine can inhibit TNF-α, stabilize cell membranes, and reduce oxidative stress within cells.
    Benzydamine
  • HY-B0336R
    Pranoprofen (Standard)
    		Inhibitor
    Pranoprofen (Standard) is the analytical standard of Pranoprofen. This product is intended for research and analytical applications. Pranoprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) for the research of keratitis or other ophthalmology diseases. Pranoprofen inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, thus blocking arachidonic acid converted to eicosanoids and reducing prostaglandins synthesis.
    Pranoprofen (Standard)
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity